French+Revolution+and+Napoleon

French Revolution and Napoleon 1789-1815 Jake Blotsky & Brodie Black



// Pity is treason. // Maximilien Robespierre

This period of time was full of war and political uncertainty. During this period of time there was a lot of new ideas and ways of life trying to be established and some of them weren't so good. Ultimatley the governing system at the time wasn't the best and it really upsetted the people. The people soon started to get too much and finally decided that they wanted some change so they eventually started the French Revolution. The French Revolution pretty much made up this whole time period and shaped the future of France itself.

The French Revolution is by far one of the most important events in world history. Without that we may have never invented some of the ways of government or laws without it. The most important leader of the revolution was Maximilian Robespierre along with George Danton and Jean Paul Marat. Together they led and shaped what the revolution was all about. Danton was important becuase he would hangout with the people of the revolution and really relate with them. Marat was important because he invented the newspaper for the revolution which really got the ideas around and gained more followers of the revolution itself.

The Revolution finally settled down once a coup d' etat was led by Napoleon Bonaparte. After this was successful Napoleon began setting up a Republic which really wasn't a true republic because Napoleon held absolute power. After this was set up Napoleon became the emperor of France and built his own empire. Napoleon finally started to get France on the right track and everyone loved him for it. Napoleon was to greedy though and he was very assertive. One example was by making his brother ruler of Spain by force which no one in Spain liked because they weren't given the right to choose who their leader was. So even though Napoleon could be bad he really helped France out and the revolution really proved something and helped out the future to come.



Terms: 1. __Factions-__ "Dissenting groups." The National Convention spit into factions over the fate of the king once they established the French Republic. 2. __Coup d' etat-__ A sudded ovethrow of the government. In 1799 a coup d' etat was declared a led by the successful and popluar general, Napolean Bonaparte. 3. __Sans-culottes-__ "Without breeches," many of the members of the Paris Commune called themselves this which was ordinary patriots without fine clothes. 4. __Grapeshot-__ " A cluster of small iron balls." This was used once guillotining proved too slow so the grapes shot was used to shoot the conemned into open graves. 5. __Jacobin-__ The Girdondins and the Mountain were apart of this group. This club was a large network of political groups throughout France who were against the monarchy. 6. __Nationalism-__ Nationalism is the unique cultural identitiy of a people based on language, religion, and national symbols. Nationalism was the second most important factor int eh deafeat of Napolean. 7. __Estates-__ These were orders that Frances population was divided into since the Middle ages. There are Three Estates, the first two are the nobles and more important people and they dont have to pay any taxes. While the Third Estate is the common population which made up about more than half of France's population and they had to pay taxes. 8. __Taille-__ The taille was Frances chief tax. The First Estate and the Second Estate were the only estate out of the three that didn't have to pay the taille. 9. __Bourgeoisie-__ Middle class. This was a part of the Third Estate. This group made up about eight percent of the population and they included merchants, bankers, and professional people such as lawyers or doctors. 10. __Consulate-__ After the coup d' etat was led by Napolean a new form of government arose called the consulate. Even though it was initially a republic Napolean help absolute power. media type="youtube" key="QxdqZ7MAYPw" width="425" height="350"

People: 1. Napolean Bonaparte- A successful general who led the coup d' etat on France and ultimatley toppled the French government and eventually became emperor of France. 2. Maximilian Robespierre- Was the most influential figure during the French Revolution. He pretty much led it but he soon became sort of crazy and began executing people for not going by the newly established rules of the revolution. He was executed by the guillotine on July 28, 1794. 3.George Danton- First president of The Committee of Public Safety. He was also pretty much the equivalent to Robespierre in leading the revolution because he was more of the person who would hangout with the people of the revolution and really relate to them and make them join the revolutions cause because and left the formal stuff to Robespierre. 4. King Louis XVI- Married to Marie Antoinette. He spent money on the American Revolution instead of feeding his own people of France. He was an absolute monarch of France and was found trying to escape to Austria and was executed by the guillotine in 1793. 5. Jean Paul Marat- " The Friend of the People." He was the author of The Peoples Friend which was the newspaper for the revolution and was stabbed to death in his bathtub on July 13, 1793. 6. Charlotte Corday- Stabbed Jean Paul Marat to death in his bathtub. Said " I killed one man to save 100,00." She was executed by the guillotine on July 17, 1793. 7. Olympe de Gouges- She was a french playwright and political activist whose feminist and abolitionist writings reached a large audience. She wrote the Declaration of rights of women and the female citizen which challenged male authority. 8. Lazare Carnot- A soldier apart of the committee of Public Safety who helped reorganize the war effort between Prussia and Austria. Became one of the first members of the Directory. 9. Anne-Louise-Germaine de Stael - During the Reign of Terror she helped people escape France and she also establishe a salon for the more important figures. 10. General Lafayette- He was a nobleman who led French forces to aid in the American Revolution. People liked him because heh was dedicated to liberty and the reasons behind the revolution.

Links: 1. Napoleon Bonaparte- This is a biography on Napoleon from his early life all the way up to when he was ruler of France. 2. French Revolution- This page gives the causes and outcomes of the Frech Revolution. 3. Three Estates- This web page descriebes the three estates of the French Revolution and who was in each of the estates. 4.Maximilian Robespierre- Gives a brief biography on who Maximilian Robespierre was and what he did for the Revolution. 5. The Bastille- Gives a brief summary on the storming of the Bastille and some other information about it. 6. Great Fear- This webpage gives a summary on the causes and the results of the Great Fear. 7. The Guillotine- Gives a description on what the Guillotine was, who invented it, and when it was used. 8. Reign of Terror- Tells about the Reign of Terror and even who was executed during it. 9. De-Christinization- Gives Information about the revolution of the church and the kind of tolls this had on the church system. 10.National Assembly- This webpage gives the history about the French National Assembly.

Timeline: 1789: French Revolution begins. 1791: Olype de Gouges writes declaration of rights of for women. 1792: National Convention establishes the French Republic. 1793: King Louis XVI is executed. 1795: The Directory is formed 1799: Napoleon Bonaparte participates in coup d' etat that topples French Government. 1801: Napoleon reaches agreement with the pope. 1802: Napoleon is made consul for life. 1804: Napoleon is crowned Emperor. 1805: British defeat French and Spanish at Trafalgar. 1812: Napoleon invades Russia. 1815: Duke of Wellington and his army defeat Napoleon and Waterloo.