The+Cold+War

The Cold War 1945-1970 Brodie Black & Jake Blotsky "It is an unfortunate fact that we can secure peace only by preparing for war." John F Kennedy



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 * [[image:worldhistoryprojectbs/duckandcover_bert_the_turtle.jpg align="right" caption="cold war propaganda"]]Terms:**
 * Truman Doctrine: This stated that The United States would procied money to countires(in this case Greece) threatened by Communist expansion.**
 * Marshall Plan: Proposed by General George C., the idea behind this was that Communism was successful in countries with economic problems. Thus, the Marshall Plan provided $13 billion to rebuild war-torn Europe.**
 * Satellite States: A country that is economically and politically dependent on another country.**
 * NATO: This was formed in April 1949 when Belgium, Luxemborg, France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Italy, Denmark, Norway, Protugal, and Iceland when they signed a treaty with the United States and Canada. This was just one of few pacts to stop the Communist spread.**
 * Policy of Containment: A plan to keep somehthing, such as communism, within its existing geographical boundaries and prevent further aggressive moves.**
 * Warsaw Pact: Groupd formed in 1955 when the Soviet Union joined with Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania in a formal military alliance.**
 * Heavy Industry: The manufacture of machines and equipment for factories and mines during this time it was chiefly for the benefit of the military.**
 * De-Stalinization: This was a process made by Khrushchev that eliminated the more ruthless policies of Stalin.**
 * Domino Theory: Idea that, if one counry falls to communism, neighboring countries will also fall to communist control.**
 * Links:**
 * 1.Berlin Air Lift- This web page explains all about the lead up to the Berlin Air Lift and the actual procedure of it.**
 * 2.The Berlin Wall- Gives a very bried explanation of the builing and destruction of the Berlin Wall.**
 * 3. Truman Doctrine- This tells about what the Truman Doctrine is and what it does.**
 * 4. Sputnik I- Tells about the history of Sputnik and what brought the whole reason of creating it.**
 * 5. U-2 Incident- This wiki page gives the background, event, and aftermath of this incident.**
 * 6. Bay of Pigs Invasion- Tells about this event and gives a map about it.**
 * 7.Domino Theory- This gives a explanation of what it is and how it played a role in the Cold War.**
 * 8. Vietnam War- This wiki page gives the whole layout of what happened during the Vietnam War.**
 * 9. SALT- This webpage explains everything about these treaties.**
 * 10. Perestroika- This page gives the information about this idea including all the political and economic reforms.**

People: 1. Joseph Stalin: Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union during the second world war and during part of the cold war he wanted the eastren european countires to be a buffer to Germany 2. Harry Truman: Truman was the president who came up with the Truman Plan which stated that the US would help any country treatened by communism 3. George Marshall: Marshall was the secretary of state who came up with the Marshall plan which was to help Europe economicly after the war was over 4.Nikita Khrushchev: Khrushchev was the ruler of the Soviet Union after Stalin died who tried to take advantage of the American concern of missiles 5. Lyndon Johnson: Johnson was the president after John F Kennedy was killed he served only one term during the cold war because he decided to only run for on term 6. Alexander Solzhenitsyn: Solzhenitsyn was the Autor of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich a book about the Soviet labor camps in Siberia during Stalins reign 7. Alexander Dubcek: Dubcek was the first elected secretaty of the Communist party he introduced diffrent reforms such as freedon of speech and press and the freedom to pursue and independent foreign policy 8. Charles de Gaulle: De Gaulle was the leader during the second world war for the French people and the French Resistance and was the first president of the Fifth republic 9. Dwight Eisenhower: Eisenhower was the main leader for the Europian theater of World War II later on he becomes the president after Lyndon Johnson at the end of the cold war 10. John Kennedy: Kennedy was the president during the Bay of pigs invasion in Cuba and the Cuban missile crisis during the cold war the blockaide was considered to be a sucess for Kennedy The start of the cold war could be pointed to the conferances at Yalta and Potsdam where Stalin refused to give any ground or agree with the rest of the allies. In Potsdam he would not let the Eastren bloc counties have free vote for their government. Stalin wanted those states to form a buffer aginst Germany if they decided to attack again. The Truman Doctrine helped to seal the deal on the cold war when the United States gave aid to Greece. The Truman Doctrine stated that the United States would provide support to any country that was being threatened by communism.
 * Timeline:**
 * 1945- The Cold war begins.**
 * 1947- United States announces Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan.**
 * 1948- Berlin Air Lift begins.**
 * 1949- NATO formed.**
 * 1953- Korean war ends.**
 * 1954- Civil rights movement beegins.**
 * 1957- Soviets launch Sputnik I.**
 * 1961- Berlin Wall built.**
 * 1962- Cuban missile crisis unfolds.**
 * 1964- More U.S. troops sent to Vietnam.**

When the Chinese Communists took contol in 1949 the United States fear of commuinism spreading grew. Later that same year The Soviet Union exploded their first Atomic Bomb. This caused and Arms Race to begin between the United States and the Soviet Union. Both sides came to belive that an arsenal of nuclear weapons would prevent the war from starting. They belived that if on nation attacked with nuclear weapons, the other would still be able to respond adn devastate the attacker. Under this policy neither side could risk using their massive supplies of nuclear weapons.

During the administraton of John Kennedy the cold war confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union reached frightening levels. In 1959, a left wing revolutionary named Fidel Casstro overthrew teh Cuban Dictator Fulgencio Batsita and set up a communist regime in Cuba. President Kennedy approved a secret plan for Cuban exiles to invade Cuba in hope of causeing a revolt in Cuba. This was called the Bay of Pigs because the landings site was the Bay of Pigs in Cuba. This operation was a huge failure for Kennedy and his administration.