Ancient+Egypt

= Ancient Egypt  = = 3100 B.C. - 34 B.C. = == Egypt begins by King Menes uniting Upper and Lower Egypt to form the first royal Dynasty. There was a time of peace and prosperity knows as The Old Kingdom. The Old Kingdom was ruled by many monarchs knows as pharaohs. Egyptian pharaohs were considered gods in human form. During The Old Kingdom a government bureaucracy with a vizier who was known as the “steward of the whole land” who was second in charge behind the pharaoh.

After the Old Kingdom failed there was a period of 150 years of chaos afterward. A new royal dynasty started The Middle Kingdom. Egypt began a period of expansion that was later referred to as the Golden Age. In the old kingdom the pharaoh was considered a god-king, but in the Middle Kingdom the pharaoh was considered the shepherd of his people. The Middle Kingdom ended around 1652 B.C. when the Hyksos invaded Egypt. The Hyksos ruled Egypt for almost one hundred years. A new dynasty of pharaohs defeated the Hyksos and began the New Kingdon which lasted from 1567 to 1085.

The new Kingdom had many pharaohs. Some were popular like Hatshepsut, the first woman to become pharaoh, or Ramses ll who regained control of Palestine. There was Akhenaton, who was one of the more unpopular pharaohs who changed Egypt’s religion to monotheistic. The next pharaoh Tutankhamen changed it back to polytheistic. Egypt came to an end when the pharaoh Cleopatra Vll when she committed suicide, and Egypt became a province of Rome’s Empire.

King Menes- King who combined upper and lower Egypt to become the first pharaoh of Egypt. He ruled egypt from 3407-3346 B.C.

Ramses ll- The third ruler of the nineteenth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh who regained control of Palestine. The greatest military strategist in the whole Egyptian era.

Tutankhamen- Restored the old polytheistic faith after Akhenaton made religion monotheistic . He was one of the yougest rulers ever known in history becoing Pharaoh and only age nine.
Akhenaton- Made the Polytheistic Egyptian faith which centered life around many gods Monotheistic to worship the one god Aton. Hatshepsut- She was the first femals Pharaoh of Egpyt, and also one of the first succesful femal rulers in histroy. There were no wars during her rule, but she led many expeditions into new land.

Mummification- The process of slowly drying a dead body to preserve it from rotting. Important for Egyptians because they believed there bodies would be homes for them in the afterlife. Pharaoh- The leader of the Egyptian Empire who was considered God in human form and would become a God after death. Vizier- “The steward of the whole land” person next in authority behind the pharaoh. He was the head of governent officials and court officials. Hieroglyphics- “Priest carvings’ Ancient Egyptian form of writing using symbols. One of the earliest forms of writing in the world. Bureaucracy- An administrative organization with official and regular procedures. Began new ways of settling arguments and distributed power more. media type="youtube" key="KdtgX9ORiW4" height="360" width="480"

[]- Materials used in mummification []- History of mummification []- Natioanal Geographic Pyramids []- Egyptian Gods []- Egyptian Timeline =media type="custom" key="11436336"= 3100 B.C.- King Menes combined Upper and Lower Egypt. 2700 B.C.- Old Kingdom began. 2650 B.C.- The Step Pyramid at Sakkara was bult. The oldest building in the world. 2450 B.C.- The Great Pyramid was built. 2050 B.C.- The Middle Kingdom began. 1570 B.C.- The New Kindom Began. 1493 B.C.- Thutmose lll made emprire reach its greatest size. 1353 B.C.- Amenhotep IV changed the reiligion from Polytheism to Monotheism. 1304 B.C.- Ramses the Great took the throne. 331 B.C.- Alexander the Great conquered Egypt.