The+West+Between+Wars

The West Between Wars Brodie Black and Jake Blotsky 1919-1939

"All within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state." - Benito Mussolini

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Terms- __Depression__- This is a period of low economic activity and rising unemployment. This really hit countries after World War I was over. __Collective Bargaining__- Deal gave to workers in the French New Deal which gave the right of unions to negotiate with employers over wages and hours. A 40-hour work week in industry was allowed, as well as a two-week paid vacation, and a set minimum wage.

__Deficit Spending__- When a government pays out more money than it takes in through tacation and other revenues, thus going into debt. __Totalitarian State__- A government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens. __Facism__- A political philosophy that glorifies the state above the individual by emphasizing the need for a strong central govern ment led by a dictatorial leader. __Squadristi__- "Black Shirts," Mussolini's bands of armed fascists that attacked socialist offices and newspapers and used violence to break up strikes. __New Economic Policy__- A modified version of the old capitalist system adopted by Lenin in 1921 to replace war communism in Russia. __Mein Kampf__- An account of Hitlers movement and its basic ideas. In it extreme German nationalism, stron anit-semitism and anti-communism are linked together by Social Darwinian theory of struggle. __Aryan__- Radical stae that would dominate Europe and possible the world for generations to come. __Collectivization__- A system in which private farms are eliminated and peasants work land owned by the government.



Timeline- 1921-German debt is determined. 1922- Communists create the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 1924- German debt restructured. 1924- Hitler writs first volume of Mein Kampf. 1926- Mussolini creates a Fascist dictatorship in Italy. 1929- The Great Depression begins. 1929- Stalin establishes dictatorship in Soviet Union. 1932- Franklin Delano Roosevelt is elected president of the United States. 1933- Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany. 1936- John Maynard Keynes's General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money is published. 1936- Spanish Civil War begins.





Links- Adolf Hitler- This

is a page on wikipedia that gives a biography of Adolf Hitlers life. Gulag- This web page gives information on the gulags that Stalin created. The Great DepressionThis tells about the Great Depression and the causes that led up to the Great Depression. Mein Kampf- This tells about how Hitler got put in jail and how he wrote his book and what is included in it.

Flying TigersThis web page tells about how the Flying Tigers came to be. "Cyrstal Night"- This gives a detailed summary of what took on during this night and what the nazi's did to the Jews. Benito Mussolini- This page gives a summary of who Mussolini was and what he did. Hitler Youth- This tells about what the Hilter Youth was and what they did and what their whold organization was about.

Five Year Plan- This summary tells about Stalins five year plan. Atheism- This wikipedia article gives a massive amount of information about atheism and what it is.

The peace settlement at the end of World War I had tried to fulfill nineteenth century dreams of nationalism by creating new boundaries and new states. From the beginning, however, the settlement left nations unhappy. Border diisputes poisoned relations in eastren Europe for years. Many Germans vowed to revise the terms of the Treay of Versailles. Between 1919 adn 1924 desier for security led the French government to demand strict enforcement of the Treaty of Versailles. This tough policy toward Germany began with the issue of reparations, wich were the payments that the Germans were supposed to make for the damage they had done during the war. In April of 1921 the Allied Reparations Commission determined that Germany owed 132 billion German Marks for reparations, payable in annual installments of 2.5 billion per year Like other European countries, Italy expperienced severe economic problems after Wold War I. Inflation grew, and both industrail and agricultural workers staged strikes. Socialists spoke of revolution. The middle class began to fear a Communist takeover like the one that had happened in Russia. Industrial and agricultrual strikes created mor division. Mussolini emerged from this background of widespread unrest. In 1920 and 1921 Mussolini formed bands of black-shirted armed Fascists called the Blackshirts. These bands attacked socialst offices and newspaper. They also used violence to break up strikes both middle-class who feared strikes and large landowners who objected to agricultural strikes began to support Mussolini's Fascist movement Hitler was born in Austria on April 20, 1889. A failure in secondary school, he eventurall traveled to vienna to become an artist but was rejected by the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. He stayed in th city, supported at first by an inheritance. While in Vienna Hitler developed his basic ideas, which he held for the rest of his life. At hte core of Hitlers's ideas was recism, especially anti-semitism. Hitler was also an extreme nationalist who understood hwo political parties could effectively use propagangda and terror. At the end of World War I after four years of service on the Western Front, Hitler remained in Germany and decieded to enter politics. In 1919 He joined the little-known NSDAP or Nazi party

People: 1. Adolf Hitler: The dictator of Germany and the writer of Mein Kampf Hitler became the leader of germany under the party of the Nazi or National Socialist German Workers party 2. Joseph Stalin: Joseph Stalin was the succeesour of Lennin, Trotsky and Stalin fought for the position Trotsky was later killed for this reason 3. Benito Mussolini: Mussolini was the first European to start a facist movement Mussolini was a power hungery man that did anything to get power 4. John Maynard Keynes: Maynard Keynes who published his General Theory of Employment, Intrest, and Money he started the idea of deficte spending 5. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Delano Roosevelt or FDR as he was called was the president that pulled the United States out of the Great Depression 6. Francisco Franco: Franco was the general that led teh revolt against the democratic government in 1936 this started the Spanish Civil War 7. Pablo Picasso: An artist that lived during the second world war and the Spanish Civil war Picasso painted many paintings that were agianst war 8. Heinrich Himmler: The directer of the SS or hitlers personal bodyguards Himmler controled both the secret police and the regular police forces 9. Hermann Hesse: Hermann was a german writer who dealt with the unconscious in a quite a different fashion won the Novel Prize for literature in 1946 10.James Joyce: James was an Irish writer who wrote the novel Ulysses the book Ulysses told the life of the common people in Dublin the Irish capital