Industrial+Revolution+Intellectual+Development

Industrial Revolution & Intellectual Development Jake Blotsky & Brodie Black 1800-1870

// Quote "Survival of the fittest" Charels Darwin //

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the 1780s and took sevearl decades for it to spred to other Westren states and nations. There were many reasons why Great Britain was the starting place of the Industrial Revolution. The first reason was the agricultural practices in teh eighteenth century had changed. Farmland expanded, the weather was better, improved transportation, and new crops like the potato helped to dramaticly increase the food supply. Now more people could be fed at lower prices and because of this there was less labor invloved. Now normal middle class families could buy manufactured goods. Second with the increase in food the population also increased. This increased the work force that could work in the new factories in Great Britian. Thirdly Great Britain had a large supply of capital that could be invested into building new factories. Fourth the natural supply of resources in Great Britian helped them with the transportation of their goods along their natural roads the rivers. Lastly a supply of markets that the British could sell their products was large the saying "the sun never sets on the Brithish empire" was true becasue their empire was huge so it didn't matter the time some place people were able to buy products that were made in Great Britain.

There were many inventions during this peroid including the steam engine. The steam engine was invented by James Watt. Watt was a Scottish engineer. His invention helped to speed up production in the cotton factories. One of the main industies was the Iron Industry. Iron was very important during this time it was used in inventions or in making things even better. During the eighteenth century the first railroad was made. The first locomotive was called the Rocket it went from Liverpool to Manchester in just two hours. One of the bad things to come out of the revolution was child labor. During the Revolution factories were so despreate for a new work force that they would employ children as young as 12 years old. Later on new saftey laws and acts were passed to protect the workers and to limit the work hours. Industrisim spread thourghout Europe during diffrent times England was the first followed by France, Germany, and Belgium. Later on the Revolution had spread to North America. During this time the steam boat was invented. Another thing that was effected by the growing number of jobs was that people were leaving their farms to move to the city to get jobs at factories. This process is called urbanization. People became cramped and started to live in the slums in the growing cities. The Industrial Revolution produced a new social class called the industrial middle class. At the end of the eighteenth century a new intellectual movement called romanticism emerged as a reaction of the ideas of teh Enlightenment. The romanics emphasized feelings, emotion, and imagination as the sources of knowing. Literature was also influenced during this time with works like //Frakenstine// and //Oliver Twist.//



People: 1.James Watt: An engineer from Scotland that in 1782 invented the steam engine this engine was used for driving and powering different types of machinery 2.Robert Fulton: The builder of the first steam powered boat or steam boat a paddle wheel was used to drive the steam boat through the water 3.Ludwig van Beethoven: Ludwig was one of the few composers who singlehandedly changed music he was the bridge between classical and romantic music 4.Eugene Delacroix: Eugene was one of the most famous romantic painters to come from France his paintings showed two important characteristics 5.Louis Pasteur: The inventer of pastureization and proposed the germ theory of disease which was very important to the develping medical practices 6.Charles Darwin: In 1859 Darwin wrote and published //On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection// he came up with the idea of natural selection 7.Charles Dickens: Charles was a writer during the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain his books were about the time period that he lived in industrial London 8.Gustave Flaubert: Gustave was one of the many realism artists during this time period his paintings would depect diffrent things from his daily life 9.William Wordsworth: An english poet who was one of the formost poets in romantic poetry his poetry also effected the scientifc world 10.Mary Shelley: She is the daughter of womans rights actavist Mary Wallstonecraft she was also the author of the novel Frankenstine about the danger of science

Terms: 1.Romanticism: A intellectual movement that took place at the end of teh eighteenth century that was a reaction of the ideas of the Enlightenment 2.Secularization: Secularization is the indifference or rejection of religion or religious consideration because of science 3.Puddling: A system of poducing better quality Iron by buring away all of the impurities in the crude iron or pig iron 4.Cottage industry: An industry where tasks were done by induviduals in their homes rather than in a factory with many people 5.Capital: A readly supply of money to be invested in a company and their poducts that they make the money would pay expenses 6.Realism: Realism is a type of art that is focused on making thigs as real as possable in writing and in paintings 7.Industrial capitalism: This is a type of economy that is based on the production of the industrial companies this system also made a new middle class 8.Socialism: This is a system of government in that which the govenment controls the production such as factroies and companies 9.Natural selection: This is a term first used by Darwin and means that all organisms are fighting with eachother to survive on a daily basis 10.Organic evolution: A prencible that was first used by Darwin that explanes that all kinds of plants and animals evolved from another lower life form

Time Line 1807: The first paddle wheel steamboat was invented 1814: Congress of vienna meets 1830: First public railway opens in Britian 1837: Victoria becomes queen of Great Britain 1848: Revolutions erupt in Europe 1853: Crimean War Begins 1861: Czar AlexanderII frees the Russian serfs 1865: U.S. Confederate troops surrender 1871: German unification is achieved Links 1.[|James Watt's life] 2.[|Robert Fulton the Steamboat] 3.[|Mary Shelley author] 4.[|Charles Dickens author] 5.[|Charles Darwin naturalist] 6.[|The cotton gin] 7.[|Ludwig van Beethoven] 8.[|Eugene Delacroix] 9.[|Louis Pasteur] 10.[|Gustave Courbet]