Russian+Revolution

Russian Revolution Jake Blotsky & Brodie Black

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Links:

1.[|An overview of the Russian Revolution] 2.[|The life of Vladimir Lenin] 3.[|The murder of Gregori Rasputin] 4.[|The life of Gregori Rasputin] 5.[|Czar Nicolas II] 6.[|The letters of Grand Duchess of Anastasia] 7.[|Leon Trotsky] 8.[|The family of the Czar] 9.[|Alexander Kenersky] 10.World War I



Terms:

1. Soviets- Councils composed of represenatives from the workers and soldiers who were largely made up of socialists, and represented more radical interests of the lower class. 2. Revolution- A forcible overthrow of a government or social order for a new system or in Marxism the class struggle that is expected to lead to political change and the triumph of communism. 3. Communism- A revolutionary socialist movement to create a classless, moneyless, and stateless social order structured upon common ownership of the means of produciotn, as well as a social, political and economic idealogy that aims at the establishment of this social order. Lenin believed in this and Carl Marx introduced this idea. 4. Cheka- New Red secret police that began the Red Terror that aimed at the destruction of all those who opposed the new regime. This was similar to the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution. 5. Duma- Legislative body that the czar tried to dissovlve. On March 12, it created the provisional government. 6. War Communism- This was used to ensure regular supplies to the Red Army. This meant the government control of banks, most industries, the seizing of grain from peasants and the cenralization of state administration under communist control. 7. The March Revolution- This took place in Petrograd when 10,000 women marched throgh the city on strike because of the high prices of bread and the failing autocracy. 8. October Manifest- This was issued on October 17, 1905 by Czar Nicholas II as a response to the revolution. This addressed the unrest in Russia and pledged to grant civil liberties to the people. 9. Bloody Sunday- A massacre on Jan. 22 of 1905 in St. Petersburg, Russia where unarmed peaceful demonstrators marching to present the petition to the Czar were gunned down by the Imperial Gaurd while approaching the city center and Winter Palace from several gathering points. 10. White Forces- Siberian anti-communists who attacked the Red Forces pushing westward and almost advanced to the Volga River before being stopped.



People:

1.V.l. Lenin- Leader of the Bolsheviks(Later Communists) who were dedicated to violent revolution. He believed that only violent revolution could deystroy the capitalist 2.Grigori Rasputin- Serbian peasant who claimed to be a holy man and was said to be able to stop Czar Nicholas II son Alexis from bleeding from his hemophilia. He later got assassinated by some nobles who were upset with the way that the government was working. 3.Alexander Kerensky- Leader of the provisional government who wanted to continue the fight in WWI to preserve Russias honor. This only upset the peasants and workers who just wanted the war to end. 4. Leon Trotsky- Commisar of war who reinstated the draft and insisted on rigid discipline for the military. This meant that if a soldier deserted or refused to obey orders he would be executed on spot. 5. Alexandra- She was Czar Nicholas's II wife and got Rasputin to help her son and his hemophilia thus spending all her time with Alexis and not paying attention to her nation ultimately leading to revolution. 6. Anna Anderson- She claimed to be the lost grand duchess Anastatsia when she died in 1984 DNA testin was done and she was proved not to be the Grand Duchas Anastasia 7.Czar Nickolas II- Nicholas was the Czar duing the first World War and was married to Alexandrea because she was german born people thought that she would kill Nicholas



Timeline: 1905- The October Manifesto was issued by Czar Nicholas II.

1905- Peaceful demonstrators trying to petition the czar were gunned down in a massacre known as Bloody Sunday.

1916- Rasputin is assassinated.

1917- Czar Nicholas II steps down from power.

1917- The start of the revolution happens.

1917- The March Revolution occurs during this time.

1917- German military leaders ship Lenin to Russia hoping to create disorder.

1917- The Duma legislative body creates the provisional government on March 12.

1918- Lenin signs the treay of Brest-Litvosk.

1921- Communists take control of Russia.

On February 23, 1917 , a large gathering of working-class women convened in the center of Petrograd to mark International Womans Day. The gathering took the form of a protest demonstration calling for “bread and peace.” While the demonstration began peacefully, the next morning it turned violent as the women were joined by hundreds of thousands of male workers who went on strike and flooded the streets, openly calling for an end to the war and even to the monarchy. Feeding on their outrage with each passing day, the demonstrations became larger and rowdier, and the outnumbered police were unable to control the crowds.

During this period, two political groups in Russia quickly recognized the significance of what was developing and began to discuss actively how it should be handled. The Duma (the state legislature) was already in active session but was under orders from the tsar to disband. However, the Duma continued to meet in secret and soon came to the conclusion that the unrest in Russia was unlikely to be brought under control as long as Nicholas II remained in power. During the same period, Petrograd Soviet the, an organization of revolutionary-minded workers and soldiers dominated by the Menshovik Party, convened on February 27. They immediately began to call for full-scale revolution and an end to the monarchy altogether.

Despite the mutinies in the army and government, there was still no consensus that the monarchy should be dismantled entirely; rather, many felt that Nicholas II should abdicate in favor of his thirteen-year-old son, Alexis. If this occurred, a regent would be y. Therefore, both the Duma and military leaders placed heavy pressure on the tsar to resign. Nicholas II finally gave in on March 2, but to everyone’s surprise he abdicated in favor of his brother Michel than his son, whom he believed was too sickly to bear the burden of being tsar, even with a regent in place. However, on the next day Michael also abdicated, leaving Russia with no tsar at all. Responding to this unexpected turn of events, leading Duma members assumed the role of being the country’s provisional government was to serve temporarily, until a constotution assembaly